In Research of a Conceptual Model of the Idea of the Right to the City in Urban Policy

Eshtiaghi, Masume; Sharepour, Mahmoud

Document Type : Article extracted from thesis

Authors

¹ PhD Student in Sociology, Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

² Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

Abstract

Development paths in any society are more the result of choices and decisions that are made as a result of policy-making practices. In recent decades, rapid urban changes and the resulting crises have drawn attention to the field of urban policy. On the other hand, the unequal forms and distribution of resources and opportunities to the detriment of most individuals and social groups living in cities have led the critical theorists represent the demands of the citizens based on the concept of ‘right to city” against policy makers and decision makers of the city issues. To city policymakers and decision makers. The purpose of this article is to understand the concept of the right to the city in the field of policy and planning of urban issues and transfer it to urban experts and try to implement this idea in the field of urban policy and planning. In the present article, an attempt has been made to recognize and analyze the relationship between the two concepts of the right to the city and urban policy, using the theoretical framework presented by Lefebvre on the concept of the right to the city and the researchers' approach to urban policy. The research is descriptive-analytical based on qualitative method. Methods of data collection include selection of documents, thematic analysis of the views of experts and thinkers on the selected topic. According to the findings of the present study, urban policy-making is the most important area for bargaining about the ways of distributing benefits and opportunities in cities by urban stakeholders, which is the reason why is why the need for citizens to be present in decision-making and Urban policymaking layers. The neglect of institutional mechanisms, capacity building, transparency, accountability, the use of participatory budgeting and participatory planning, has made democratic decision-making difficult and relatively impossible for as the most serious stakeholder’s citizens in urban life. Strengthening civic and social institutions and creating mechanisms for monitoring and citizen participation in the decision-making process regarding the selection and implementation of metropolitan projects, along with the use of participatory budgeting in how the city invests capital, are among the items that: In that can practically lead to practice, it can lead to the realization of the right to the city in the administration of cities.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Social Planning

References

Ahmed, Jashim. Uddin. (2010). Documentary Research Method: New Dimensions. Indus Jornal of Manegement& Social Science. Volume 4. Pp.1-14. (in Persian)

Ali Ahmadi, Ali Reza, Mir Abedini, Zohreh (2019) Analysis of Public Policy Process in Urban Management of Tehran (2014-2018), Quarterly Journal of Public Policy, Volume 5, Number 1,
P p. 75-98. (in Persian)

Alison Brown ( 2010) The ‘Right to the City’: from Paris 1968 to Rio 2010, pp:1-8. (In English)

Blackman ,Tim (2003) URBAN POLICY IN PRACTICE, London and New York(In English)

Brenner, Neil, Makouse, Peter, Meyer, Margit (1396). Cities for the People, Not for Business (Critical Urban Theory and the Right to the City), translated by Mahmoud Abdollahzadeh, Tehran, Cultural Research Office Publishing, Tehran(in Persian)

Cahill, Michael (2010) Transport, environment and Society,England, university press. (In English)

Carlo Palermo, Pierre, Pontezini, Davideh (2017) Spatial Planning and Urban Development, translated by Lotfali Koozegar College and Batool Hosseini Teli, Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University Press. (in Persian)

Cochrane, Allen (2008) Urban Policies: A Critical Approach, translated by Aref Aghvami Moghadam, Tehran, Azarakhsh Publishing. (in Persian)

Cresswell, John. (2012). Qualitative scanning and research design: selection from five approaches of research narrative, phenomenology, data foundation theory, ethnography, case study. Translated by Hassan Danaeifard, Hossein Kazemi, Tehran: Saffar Publications. second edition. (in Persian)

Dixie, Mustafa (2013). Justice and Spatial Imagination, in the book Searching for a Justice-Oriented City, translated by Hadi Saeed Rezvani, Mahjoubeh Kashmiri, Tehran, Shahr Publishing Institute. (in Persian)

Domaradzka ,Anna,(2018) Urban Social Movements and the Right to the City: An Introduction to the Special Issue on Urban Mobilization, Volant’s (2018) 29:607–620 (In English)

Fainstein,Susan S (2005) Planning Theory and the City, Journal of Planning Education and Research No.25,Pp.121-130, (In English)

Final report of the Human Rights Council Advisory Committee, (2015 ),Role of local government in the promotion and protection of human rights General Assembly, Human Rights Council Thirtieth session Agenda items 3 and 5 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Human rights bodies and mechanism. (In English)

Friedrich, Christopher R. (2010) The Development of Urban Democracies in European Urban Governments (Early Modern Period), translated by Aref Eghvami Moghadam, Tehran, Azarakhsh Publications. (in Persian)

Geyer, H. S. (2007) International handbook of urban policy,Published by Edward Elgar Greensand House, library British. (In English)

Ghanbari, Ali et al. (2012) Dimensions of the model of good urban governance in Tehran with emphasis on the theory of development-oriented local government, In Good Urban Governance (Vol. III), Tehran, Tisa. (in Persian)

Gonvardena, Kanishga, Kiefer, Stephen, Milgram, Richard, Schmid, Christine (2014) Space, Difference, The Daily Life of Henry Lefebvre, translated by Afshin Khakbaz and Mohammad Fazeli, Tehran, Tisa. (in Persian)

Gordon ,MacLeod, and Jones, Martin (2011) Renewing Urban Politics, Urban Studies, 48 (12) , Pp.2443-2472. (In English)

Harvey, David (2008) Urbanization of Capital (Second Cycle of Capital Accumulation in the Production of Artificial Environment), translated by Aref Aghvami Moghadam, Tehran, Akhtaran Publishing. (In English)

Harvey, David (2016) From Right to City to Rebel Cities, translated by Khosrow Kalantari and Parviz Sedaghat, Tehran, Agah Publishing. (In English)

Harvey, Divid. (2008), “The Right to the City”, New Left Review, 53: 23-40. (In English)

Irandoost, Kiomars, Dost Wendy, Milad (2015) The Right to the City and Poverty Settlements with Emphasis on Spontaneous Urban Settlements in Iran, Haft Shahr Magazine, No. 49-50,
pp. 184-204(in Persian)

Islar ,Mine & Ezgi Irgil (2018) Grassroots practices of citizenship and politicization in the urban: the case of right to the city initiatives in Barcelona, Citizenship Studies, 22:5, 491-506(In English)

Jalili, Mostafa (2015) Analysis of the contemporary policy model of Tehran metropolis, Tehran Center for Studies and Planning. (in Persian)

Kazemian, Gholamreza et al. (2013) Urban Management (Volume I, Principles and Areas), Tehran, Tisa. (in Persian)

Kazemian, Gholamreza, Mir Abedini, Zohreh (2011) Pathology of Integrated Urban Management in Tehran from the Perspective of Urban Policy and Decision Making, Journal of Fine Arts - Architecture and Urban Planning, No. 46, p. 27-38. (in Persian)

Kempin Reuter,Tina (2019): Human rights and the city: Including marginalized communities in urban development and smart cities, Journal of Human Rights, (In English)

Kripendorf, Kloss (2012) Fundamentals and Methodology of Content Analysis, translated by Houshang Naebi, Tehran, Ney Publishing. (in Persian)

Lawrence Newman, William (2013) Social Research Methods, Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches, Translated by Hassan Danaeifard and Hossein Kazemi, Tehran, Mehraban Publishing. (in Persian)

Lefebvre, H. (1991) The Production of Space, translated by David Nicholson, Smith, Blackwell, Oxford and Cambridge. (In English)

M. P. Amado, C. V. Santos, E. B. Moura, and V.G. Silva (2009 ) Public Participation in Sustainable Urban Planning, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vol:3, No:5, (In English).

Marcus, Peter, Gypsy, James et al. (2013) In Search of a Justice-Oriented City, Translators: Hadi Saeed Rezvani, Mahjoubeh Kashmiri, Tehran, Shahr Publishing Institute. (in Persian)

Marcuse, Peter. (2009) “From critical urban theory to the right to the city” CITY, VOL. 13,
NOS. 2–3, JUNE–SEPTEMBER, pp: 106-185. (In English)

Maroufi, Hossein, Vahidi Borji, Goldis (2015) Space and the realization of urban rights: Identification of spatial components arising from urban rights in order to analyze and evaluate the Nawab project in Tehran and Ladfans in Paris, Quarterly Journal of Urban Studies, No. Sixteenth,

Pp. 5-14. (in Persian)

McLeod, Gordon, Jones, Martin (Beta) Urban Policy Renewal, Translation and Summary a. Alavi, Space and Dialectics, p. 1-10. (In English)

Ministry for Regional Development of the Czech Republic (2010) Principles of Urban Policy. (in Persian)

Mitchell, D. (2003). The right to the city: Social justice and the fight for public space. Guilford : New York. (In English)

Mohammadpour, Ahmad (2013) Qualitative research method; Anti-Method 2, Tehran, Sociologists Publications. (in Persian)

Poor Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza, Roustaei, Shahrivar, Khezrnejad, Pakhshan (2018) The role of the right to the city on the sense of belonging among gender groups (Case study: Public spaces of Urmia), Journal of Urban Planning Geography Research , Volume 7, Number 1, Pp. 1-19. (in Persian)

Przemysław,Plucin´ ski, (2018 ) Forces of Altermodernization: Urban Social Movements and the New Urban Question in Contemporary Poland, Voluntas, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-018-0007-x, ORIGINAL PAPER. (In English)

Purcell, Mark (2017): Our Own Power to Act, Planning Theory & Practice, (In English)

Purcell, Mark. (2002). “Excavating Lefebvre: The right to the city and its urban politics of the inhabitant”, GeoJournal, 58,Pp. 99-108. (In English)

Purcell, Mark. (2003). “Citizenship and the Right to the Global City: Reimagining the Capitalist World Order”, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 27(3): 564-90. (In English)

Purcell, Mark. (2013). “Possible worlds: Henri Lefebvre and the right to the city.” Journal of Urban Affairs 36(1). (In English)

Rafieian, Mojtaba, Ghasemi, Iraj, Nozari, Kamal (2019) Analysis of Spatial Justice Discourse in Urban Management Policy Document (Case Study: Tehran), Bi-Quarterly Journal of Urban Social Geography, No. 6, p. 71-89. (in Persian)

Rahbari, Laden, Sharapour, Mahmoud (2014). Gender and the right to the city: Lefebvre theory test in Tehran, Iranian Journal of Sociology, Volume 14, Number 1, p. 116-141. (in Persian)

Renaud, Bertrand (1981) National urbanization policy in Developing Countries, World Bank Oxford University Press. (In English)

Rob Shields ( 2013) Lefebvre and the Right to the Open City?, Space and Culture 16(3).
Pp 345– 348.(In English)

Saunders, Peter (2012) Social Theory and the Urban Problem, translated by Mahmoud Sharapour, Tehran, Tisa. (in Persian)

Soja, Edward (2010). Seeking spatial justice. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. (In English)

Taghvaei, Massoud, Sajjadi, Massoud (2015) Evaluation and Analysis of Sustainable Urban Transportation Indicators (Case Study: Isfahan), Quarterly Journal of Architecture and Urban Planning, Fourth Year, First Issue, pp. 1- 16. (in Persian)

Tayebi, Ali (2013) Planning activism : Using Social Media to calm marginalized citizens, Cities:32, Pp:88-93. (in Persian)

United Nations Human Settlement Program in Iran (2016) National Urban Policy and Implementation of the New Urban Agenda, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development of Iran. (in Persian)

Zeenat Mahjabeen, Krishna K. Shrestha_ (2006) Social Justice and City: Community Participation in Sydney’s Metropolitan Planning, Pp:1-26. (in Persian).

Journal of Sustainable Urban & Regional Development Studies (JSURDS)

In Research of a Conceptual Model of the Idea of the Right to the City in Urban Policy

References

References

Volume 1, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
March 2021
Pages 67-84

In Research of a Conceptual Model of the Idea of the Right to the City in Urban Policy

References

References

Volume 1, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2March 2021Pages 67-84

Volume 1, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
March 2021
Pages 67-84