Journal of Sustainable Urban & Regional Development Studies (JSURDS)

Abstract Background and Objective: In recent years, with the increasing discussions about globalization and the diversity of perspectives on it, examining the impact of globalization on macroeconomic variables, including productivity, has become an attractive topic in the academic literature. Studying and examining the effects of globalization on labor productivity is of great importance for several reasons, as it provides insights into how global economic integration affects labor efficiency, economic growth, and overall development. Studying the effects of globalization on labor productivity growth is essential for understanding economic dynamics, informing policies, increasing competitiveness, and preparing the workforce for future challenges. This knowledge enables countries and businesses to reap the benefits of globalization while addressing its challenges, ultimately contributing to sustainable economic growth and improving living standards. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to investigate the nonlinear effects of globalization on labor productivity in Iraq.
Methodology: In order to investigate the nonlinear effects of globalization on labor productivity in Iraq during the period 1995-2022, the nonlinear extensive lags (NARDL) model was used in this study. Also, the symmetry or asymmetry of the effects of globalization on labor productivity in Iraq was examined.
Findings and Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the positive impulses of globalization had positive and significant effects on labor productivity. However, the effects of negative impulses of globalization on labor productivity were not significant. Considering these effects, it can be concluded that the more Iraq is exposed to economic globalization, the more it will benefit from its benefits. Given the positive and significant impact of the human development index on labor productivity, it can be suggested that Iraqi politicians make the right and long-term decisions to strengthen this index by improving educational conditions at different levels of education, improving health and treatment conditions, and life expectancy, so that in addition to benefiting from the indirect effects of this index, the level of labor productivity as one of the main keys to sustainable development is strengthened and made more sustainable. Based on the results, it is necessary to emphasize that human development and its improvement cannot lead to improved productivity growth without interruption, and its effects will gradually emerge over time. Also, based on the negative and significant effects of the inflation rate on labor productivity, the Central Bank of Iraq should make more efforts and efforts to control the volume of liquidity as the main cause of inflation in the economies of countries. Finally, considering the positive and significant impact of foreign direct investment on labor productivity, the Iraqi government can take a major step towards improving labor productivity by reducing domestic risks and increasing its political and economic security by increasing foreign investment, in addition to taking advantage of its other positive effects.

Abstract Background and Aim: Considering the importance of urban prosperity, the purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution of urban prosperity indicators and prioritize these indicators in the five areas of Mahshahr port.
Methods: The research method used in this research is theorical-applied with a main descriptive-analytical approach and the five areas of Mahshahr port have been studied on a case-by-case basis. Using the theoretical foundations of the research and the research background, the research variables were prepared. Then a questionnaire was designed that includes 6 indicators and 21 criteria and 63 sub-criteria. Then the designed questionnaire was distributed among the statistical population and its results were analyzed using t-test and analysis of variance and Scheffe test.
Findings and Conclusion: At the beginning, the differences between the groups and the means were studied as raw data, the results of which showed that the indicators have a high level of significance (Sig) for the urban prosperity of the regions. Then, the fuzzy AHP method was used to weight the criteria. The results showed that the productivity index with a weight of 0.203 is in the first rank and then the quality of life index with a rank of 0.195 is in the second rank and infrastructure with a weight of 0.187 is in the third rank. In the next step, the use of TOPSIS and Waspas methods and finally the Copeland integration model were prioritized. The results showed that the three-urban area of Mahshahr port has the highest rate and the first priority in terms of urban prosperity indicators, and the last area is allocated to region one.