Journal of Sustainable Urban & Regional Development Studies (JSURDS)

Abstract abstract As one of the largest mines in Iran, Khavaf iron ore mine plays an important role in the economic and social development of the region. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the multidimensional consequences of Sangan mining on the sustainable development of the region, focusing on food security, social justice and the environment. The data used include economic and social information of the region, GIS and remote sensing spatial data, and official mining statistics and reports. The findings show that mining plays a significant role in creating direct and indirect employment, increasing household income,The development of infrastructure and the growth of downstream steel industries have strengthened the economic capacity of the region. However, the negative effects of mining are also observed; including pressure on natural resources, land use change, destruction of vegetation, reduction of livelihood diversity and increase of social and spatial inequalities. Spatial analysis shows that the intensity of these effects is greater in areas close to mines and decreases with increasing distance. Also, the unequal distribution of economic benefits and resource governance limitations have made vulnerable groups, especially women and householdsagriculture, be more vulnerable to negative consequences. These results emphasize the necessity of a comprehensive and multidimensional approach for the sustainable management of mineral resources, including redistribution policies, participatory governance and environmental protection. Finally, the study shows that sustainable development in mining areas can only be realized by combining economic, social and environmental dimensions and the active participation of the local community, and mining can be exploited as an opportunity for regional development with proper management.

Abstract Background and Aim: Cultural-heritage tourism is important in representing the identity of its society as a distinctive aspect of the culture of any society. Visitors' dissatisfaction with the infrastructure disrupts the nature of the heritage. Therefore, paying attention to the category of tourism infrastructure to promote awareness, provides one of the effective grounds for the development of cultural-heritage tourism. The Takht-e-Soleiman World Heritage Complex welcomes domestic and foreign tourists every year due to its luxurious capital located in the city of Takab in West Azerbaijan province, but it is centralized in terms of the quality of tourism infrastructure.
Methods: The present study seeks to answer the question "What are the indicators of the quality of infrastructure in the field of heritage cultural tourism?" It deals with the role of infrastructure. Also, the answer to the question "From the tourists' point of view, what is the quality status of each of the cultural-heritage tourism infrastructures in the Takht-e-Soleiman World Heritage Area?" was investigated in explaining the achievement of the principles of tourism development in this valuable complex. The research method was analyzed as a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) applied type using structured questions in a five-point Likert format in SPSS software and 57 internal and external variables of 7 levels were identified to investigate the problems in the quality of infrastructure.
Findings and Conclusion: The results showed that most of the points of collision and interference happened in the marginal parking area of ​​commercial-service uses and with the area of ​​influence from the whole city that has not even provided the minimum parking area specified in the approved detailed plan of this city. Therefore, for any request for creation, development, or change of land use, its traffic impacts must be checked in addition to complying with the established principles and criteria.