Journal of Sustainable Urban & Regional Development Studies (JSURDS)

Abstract Background and Objective: Academic engagement, as one of the key factors in student success, encompasses various dimensions including attention, effort, and active participation. This phenomenon not only affects students' academic performance, but is also an important predictor of their future success in life and the job market. However, several factors influence the level of student engagement, the most important of which are classroom structure and academic identity.
Methodology: In this regard, the main goal of the present study is to investigate the effects of predictive indicators of academic engagement based on classroom structure and academic identity in Harsin County. The statistical population of the present study was 100 people selected as a statistical sample using the Cochran formula and studied. Data analysis was performed through correlation analysis and structural equation modeling using SPSS and Smart PLS software.
Results and Findings: The results of the study showed that the structural model has good fit, validity, and reliability based on the data. All research hypotheses were confirmed; such that classroom structure and academic identity positively and significantly predict academic engagement. In addition, the path coefficients indicated a strong and direct effect of these variables on academic engagement. Overall, the proposed model was confirmed as a strong and reliable framework for explaining the studied relationships.

Abstract Maritime development is recognized as a key approach for enhancing economic growth and social welfare in coastal regions, especially in the Makran coast. This paper, using a theoretical-documentary methodology, analyzes the social impacts of maritime development with an emphasis on the smart specialization approach. Smart specialization, which focuses on identifying the unique capacities and advantages of each region, can serve as an effective strategy for guiding sustainable development and social justice. Findings indicate that the Makran coast, with economic advantages such as maritime transportation, fisheries, energy, and tourism, possesses significant potential to generate employment, improve public services, and increase social participation of local communities. However, challenges such as inequality in access to basic services, widespread poverty, high unemployment rates, unmanaged migration, and weak social capital hinder the realization of balanced and sustainable development. Maritime development without adequate attention to social dimensions and local participation may exacerbate regional disparities, increase informal settlements, and cause resource degradation. In this context, the smart specialization approach, by emphasizing community empowerment, endogenous innovation, and equitable distribution of benefits, can reduce negative impacts and strengthen positive outcomes. Accordingly, policymakers should pursue development pathways that are economically successful as well as socially just and inclusive by establishing mechanisms for community participation, comprehensive social impact assessments, and fair resource allocation. This paper provides a theoretical and analytical framework for maritime development policy in the Makran coast, which could serve as a model for other maritime regions in the country.

Abstract Background and Objective: With the intensification of climate crises, the ecological behavior of employees has become the driving force of organizational sustainability. This necessity is of strategic importance in the metropolis of Ahvaz, due to the acute environmental and industrial challenges. The realization of these behaviors requires more than formal requirements, the internalization of green culture and strengthening organizational commitment to institutionalize voluntary environmental actions in the context of this region. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to rank the factors affecting the ecological behavior of employees in Ahvaz with an emphasis on commitment and green culture.
Methodology:The present research is of an applied type and is descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology.In the first step, by systematically monitoring theoretical literature and international experiences, key indicators promoting green behaviors were extracted. In the operational phase, to analyze the network of internal relationships and determine the final weight of the criteria, the DANP hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach (combination of DEMETL and ANP) was used. Finally, using the opinions of the expert panel (consisting of 50 environmental management and human resources experts), the final ranking of the indicators was developed to present a native model that is consistent with the industrial ecosystem of Ahvaz.
Results and Findings:The results of the study showed that green organizational culture is the main foundation of ecological behavior in Ahvaz, and the indicators of "green learning" and "awareness of the micro-dust crisis" have the highest priority in the behavioral transformation of employees. Based on the Dematel and Supermatrix analysis, tangible symbols and managerial values ​​are considered as causal factors, the main drivers of the formation of emotional commitments and innovative (deflective) behaviors in the organization. Also; the findings indicate that organizational pride and recognition of the depth of the environmental disaster have a much greater impact on improving ecological performance than external rewards or mandatory laws. Finally, success in ranking the factors affecting the green behavior of Ahvaz employees does not depend on coercion, but on specialized climate training and institutionalizing identity links with the organization's environmental goals.

Abstract Background and Objective: Today, considering that social health has different effects both at the individual and family level and at the social level, paying attention to women's social health as the first caregivers of family and community health is of great importance.Thus, this study examines the effect of gender inequality on women’n social health.
Methodology: The method used in this research is survey,data were collected using a questionnaire and random sampling method from 138 women working in the Behzisti (Welfare)organization.The validiy of the tool was confirmed by content validity method and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability and the data were analyzed using SPSS 25 and LISREL 8.8 software. The impact of women’s social health (as a dependent variable)has been measured in 5 dimensions of social solidarity ,social cohesion, social prosperity ,social acceptance and social participation from an independent variable(gender inequality).
Findings and Conclusion: According to the results of inferential statistics tests in this study, it can be claimed with 99% probability that the variable of patriarchal ideology (social factor of inequality), gender stereotypes in textbooks and mass media and religiosity (cultural factors of inequality) have a negative effect. And is significant on all 5 dimensions of women's social health and the variables of job rank, family social status, level of education, age (underlying factors of inequality), personal income and the amount of personal property of women (economic factors of inequality) have a positive and significant effect. It focuses on all 5 dimensions of women's social health but, the variable of marital status (one of the underlying factors of inequality) is not effective in women's social health (for the four dimensions of social prosperity, social participation, social adaptation and social cohesion) and only in the dimension of "social acceptance" which averages four different groups. Therefore, the marital status variable only affects the "social acceptance" dimension of social health.

Abstract Background and Objective: Social security is a multidimensional and complex concept that directly affects the development and advancement of any society. Undoubtedly, no factor is more important in advancing the process of progress, development, and evolution of societies, as well as in the flourishing of individual and collective talents, than creating and strengthening a sense of security and ensuring peace in the social context. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between cultural capital and the sense of social security among women living in Darehshahr.
Methodology: The present research method is quantitative and survey-type. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that was administered to a sample of 365 women aged 19 and older using cluster sampling. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and Smart PLS software.
Findings and Conclusion:  The findings showed that the average sense of social security among middle-aged women is on the decline. Also, cultural capital and its dimensions (embodied, objectified, and institutional) have a significant and positive relationship with the sense of social security. Based on the findings, the feeling of social security has a significant difference with marital status, employment, and level of education, but no significant relationship was observed with the age variable. Finally, the results of structural equation analysis showed that independent variables were able to explain 24% of the changes in women's sense of social security. It is recommended that policymakers and local administrators strengthen women's cultural capital by developing educational, cultural, and social participation opportunities to enhance their sense of security.

Abstract Background and Objective: The development of educational sports is a comprehensive and purposeful approach that uses sports activities to cultivate various dimensions of human existence. This approach is not limited to physical skills, but also focuses on personality development, emotional intelligence, social skills, and mental health. Scenarios are developed for this purpose in order to predict and prepare for future challenges and opportunities in this area.
Methodology: In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of examining the effectiveness scenarios of the development of educational sports in the city of Ahvaz. Which is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method, the data collection method was library, document, and interview (with 50 experts) and using future research techniques and Micmac and Scenario wizard software.
Results and Findings: First, with the participation of professors, officials, sports experts, and sports teachers, the main drivers in 6 dimensions and 45 factors were identified. Then, using the MicMac and ScenarioWizard software, the data were analyzed and effective scenarios on the development of educational sports were developed. In the present study, 45 main factors were initially identified in six different dimensions. Then, using the Mic Mac and ScenarioWizard software, 21 key drivers were selected from these factors and three main scenarios for the future were drawn. The first scenario, titled the desirable (golden) scenario, presents the best possible path, which, with a compatibility value of 5 and a total interaction score of 733, indicates a strong synergy between factors such as lifestyle and educational policies that leads to comprehensive development. In contrast, the undesirable scenario, with a negative compatibility value of 2 and a total negative interaction score of 117, depicts a future in which economic stagnation and incoherence lead to a serious regression of educational sports. The third scenario, the probable scenario (standing still), with a negative compatibility value of 1 and a total score of 45, predicts a static situation without significant progress. Finally, the results of this analysis emphasize that to achieve an ideal and sustainable future, we must focus on influential drivers in the dimensions of culture building, management, and macro-policy making to form a positive cycle in the development of educational sports.

Abstract Background and Objective Today, the use of the future research approach has been proposed as a necessity in the field of sports and especially educational sports in educational and sports institutions. Despite the long history of student sports and physical education in the country's schools, the management of student sports is still facing many issues and problems, and especially at the level of Khuzestan province, the development of student sports and planning for its future has received little attention. In this regard, the purpose of the current research is to evaluate the state of student sports in Khuzestan province, which is practical in terms of its purpose and exploratory in terms of its nature and analytical method.
Methodology: A questionnaire, Delphi technique, and documentary-library studies were used to collect data. The Delphi method and the cross-effects matrix (MicMac) were used to analyze the data.
Results and Findings: The findings of the research showed that among the 15 main factors affecting the state of student sports in Khuzestan province, 9 variables are known as key and influential. These variables have the most influence and the least influence on the future development of student sports in Khuzestan province. Also, the results showed that in terms of the direct influence of variables such as social networks with a score of 860, infrastructure and sports facilities and students' attitude towards sports with a score of 835 and 810, they are located in the first to third positions, respectively. On the other hand, the variables that have an indirect effect on the state of student sports are social networks with a score of 876, infrastructure and sports facilities, and students' attitude towards sports with a score of 872 and 796, respectively, they are located in the first to third positions.

Abstract Development paths in any society are more the result of choices and decisions that are made as a result of policy-making practices. In recent decades, rapid urban changes and the resulting crises have drawn attention to the field of urban policy. On the other hand, the unequal forms and distribution of resources and opportunities to the detriment of most individuals and social groups living in cities have led the critical theorists represent the demands of the citizens based on the concept of ‘right to city” against policy makers and decision makers of the city issues. To city policymakers and decision makers. The purpose of this article is to understand the concept of the right to the city in the field of policy and planning of urban issues and transfer it to urban experts and try to implement this idea in the field of urban policy and planning. In the present article, an attempt has been made to recognize and analyze the relationship between the two concepts of the right to the city and urban policy, using the theoretical framework presented by Lefebvre on the concept of the right to the city and the researchers' approach to urban policy. The research is descriptive-analytical based on qualitative method. Methods of data collection include selection of documents, thematic analysis of the views of experts and thinkers on the selected topic. According to the findings of the present study, urban policy-making is the most important area for bargaining about the ways of distributing benefits and opportunities in cities by urban stakeholders, which is the reason why  is why the need for citizens to be present in decision-making and Urban policymaking layers. The neglect of institutional mechanisms, capacity building, transparency, accountability, the use of participatory budgeting and participatory planning, has made democratic decision-making difficult and relatively impossible for as the most serious stakeholder’s citizens in urban life. Strengthening civic and social institutions and creating mechanisms for monitoring and citizen participation in the decision-making process regarding the selection and implementation of metropolitan projects, along with the use of participatory budgeting in how the city invests capital, are among the items that: In that can practically lead to practice, it can lead to the realization of the right to the city in the administration of cities.