Assessment of Resilience of Urban Areas Against Earthquake Damage (Case Study: District 1 of Tehran(

Kareghar, Bahman; Rahdar, Ahmad; Mohamadiraja, Ali

Assessment of Resilience of Urban Areas Against Earthquake Damage (Case Study: District 1 of Tehran(

Document Type : Origional Article

Authors

Bahman Kareghar ¹

Ahmad Rahdar ²

Ali Mohamadiraja ³

¹ Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Geography, Islamic Azad University, Yadgar Imam Branch, Ray, Tehran, Iran

² Geography, Humanities, Azad Islamic, Ahvaz branch, Ahvaz, Iran

³ Geography group of urban planning , faculty of humanities and humanities , Aslamic Azad university of Shahr - e - Rey , Tehran , Iran

Abstract

Background and Aim: In recent decades, earthquakes have been accompanied by an increase in casualties worldwide in the past hundred years, and in Iran, these casualties have led to about a six percent increase in death and destruction. Therefore, cities, as the sites of these incidents, are of great importance, and enhancing post-earthquake resilience in urban areas is highly significant. Region 1 of Tehran, due to its location on a fault line and various urban challenges, is considered one of the vulnerable areas to earthquakes in the city of Tehran, facing resilience challenges such as high concentration of high-rise buildings, lack of open spaces, and weaknesses in crisis management compared to other areas of Tehran. The aim of this study is to assess the vulnerability of Region 1 to earthquakes with a focus on resilience.
Methods: This research is considered applied in nature and utilizes survey research for data collection, and in terms of data nature, it is quantitative research. The main data collection tool for this research is the TOPSIS questionnaire, which has been adjusted based on the research background and preliminary studies of researchers in the field to align with the conditions and requirements of local management services. The statistical population of the study consists of all experts in the field of crisis management and urban planning, with a sample size of 50 individuals based on Cochran's formula. The present study utilizes the mean test in SPSS software and employs the TOPSIS decision-making method in MATLAB software to measure the level of resilience in the regions of Region 1.
Findings and Conclusion: The research findings indicated that based on urban resilience indicators, five analyzed indicators had the least resilience in both the physical-environmental and institutional dimensions in each region. Ultimately, the results showed that Regions 1, 9, and 8 faced the lowest level of urban resilience against earthquakes in the Region 1 areas.

Keywords

Vulnerability

Resilience

Crisis Management

Earthquake

Region 1 of Tehran Municipality

Subjects

Regional & urban planning

حاتمی نژاد، حسین، بذرافکن، شهرام، و آروین، محمود. (1396). تحلیل نقش الگوی حکمروایی خوب شهری در کاهش آسیب پذیری مسکن شهری در برابر زلزله. مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی (چشم انداز جغرافیایی)، 12(3 (پیاپی 40))، 599-617

زندی،شرمین،1398،بررسی وضع موجود بافتهای فرسوده با تاکید بر زلزله(منطقه 16 تهران)، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد،گروه علوم جغرافیایی،دانشکده علوم انسانی،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرری-یادگار امام خمینی(ره).

صداقت رستمی،کبریا؛ اعتماد، گیتی؛ پدرام رسول و ملاذ جعفر (1390). تدوین شاخص‌های شناسایی بافت‌های ناکارآمد. نشریه علمی برنامه‌ریزی فضایی، دوره 1، شماره 1.

غلامی, یونس, حیاتی, سلمان, قنبری, محمد, & اسماعیلی, آسیه. (1394). پیش‌بینی فضاهای آسیب‌پذیر شهر مشهد هنگام وقوع زلزله. پژوهش‌های جغرافیای برنامه‌ریزی شهری, 3(1), 55-67

فرجی، امین، و قرخلو، مهدی (1389). زلزله و مدیریت بحران شهری (مطالعه موردی: شهر بابل). جغرافیا, 8(25), 143-164.

محمدی، جمال، شفقی، سیروس و نوری، محمد، (1393)، تحلیل ساختار فضایی – کالبدی بافت فرسودة شهری با رویکرد نوسازی و بهسازی (مطالعة موردی: بافت فرسودة شهر دوگنبدان)، فصلنامة برنامه‌ریزی فضایی، دورة 4، شمارة 2، اصفهان، 128- 105.
- Alexander, D. (2018). A magnitude scale for cascading disasters. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 30, 180-185.
- Behmai, Hojjat (2012) An analysis of passive defense in oil cities with an emphasis on physical-spatial dimensions (case study: Omidiye city), master's thesis in the field of geography and urban planning, Isfahan University (fa). (In persian)
- Böhm, G., & Pfister, H. R. (2017). The perceiver’s social role and a risk’s causal structure as determinants of environmental risk evaluation. Journal of Risk Research, 20(6), 732-759.
- Devkota, K. (2018). Challenges of inclusive urbanization in the face of political transition in Nepal. In Handbook of research on urban governance and management in the developing world (pp. 159-171). IGI Global.
- El Rafei, M., Sherwood, S., Evans, J., & Dowdy, A. (2023). Analysis and characterisation of extreme wind gust hazards in New South Wales, Australia. Natural Hazards, 117(1), 875-895.
- Kais, S. M., & Islam, M. S. (2016). Community capitals as community resilience to climate change: Conceptual connections. International journal of environmental research and public health, 13(12), 1211.
- Kong, L., Mu, X., Hu, G., & Zhang, Z. (2022). The application of resilience theory in urban development: A literature review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(33), 49651-49671.
- Ma, H., Chiu, Y. H., Tian, X., Zhang, J., & Guo, Q. (2020). Safety or travel: Which is more important? The impact of disaster events on tourism. Sustainability, 12(7), 3038.
- Meeks, M. S., & Murphy, K. C. (2016). Past and Future City. Washington, DC: Island Press.
- Meerow, S., & Newell, J. P. (2021). Urban resilience for whom, what, when, where, and why?. In Geographic Perspectives on Urban Sustainability (pp. 43-63). Routledge.
- Moraci, F., Errigo, M. F., Fazia, C., Campisi, T., & Castelli, F. (2020). Cities under pressure: Strategies and tools to face climate change and pandemic. Sustainability, 12(18), 7743.
- Paci-Green, R., & Berardi, G. (2015). Do global food systems have an Achilles heel? The potential for regional food systems to support resilience in regional disasters. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 5(4), 685-698.
- Prasath, S., & Umashankar, K. (2023). Livelihood resilience of smallholder dairy farmers against external shocks: a case study in the northern dry zone of Sri Lanka.
- Saghaei, M., Azadeh, S. R., Fadaeijazi, F., & Jafari, F. (2020). The Analysis of Key Factors Influencing the Expansion of Rural Migration with Eemphasis on the Issue of Informal Settlement (Case Study: Shirabad Neighborhood in Zahedan). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 9(3), 15-33. Scientific Base of National Science Data, (2023).
- Sennett, R. (2020). The public realm. In Being urban (pp. 35-58). Routledge.
- Sherly, M. A., Karmakar, S., Parthasarathy, D., Chan, T., & Rau, C. (2015). Disaster vulnerability mapping for a densely populated coastal urban area: an application to Mumbai, India. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 105(6), 1198-1220.
- The Deputy of Transportation Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, 2020. (In Persian)
- Tsai, C. H., Wu, T. C., Wall, G., & Linliu, S. C. (2016). Perceptions of tourism impacts and community resilience to natural disasters. Tourism Geographies, 18(2), 152-173.
- Villegas-González, P. A., Ramos-Cañón, A. M., González-Méndez, M., González-Salazar, R. E., & De Plaza-Solórzano, J. S. (2017). Territorial vulnerability assessment frame in Colombia: Disaster risk management. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 21, 384-395.