Analysis of the state of good Urban governance (Case study: Ardebil city)

Yazdani, Mohammad Hassan; Masoumi, Delavar

Analysis of the state of good Urban governance (Case study: Ardebil city)

Document Type : Origional Article

Authors

Mohammad Hassan Yazdani ^¶

Delavar Masoumi

Professor, Department of Geography & Urban and Rural Planning, Mohaghegh University of Ardebil,Society Faculty, Ardabil, Iran.

Abstract

Background and Objective:. The movement towards good urban governance is inevitable and necessary. Good urban governance is one of the important and prominent topics in society today, in the sense that urban management, instead of assuming full responsibility for the administration of society alone, should be considered alongside citizens as one of the institutions or factors responsible for the administration of society. And with this change, urban management can play a facilitating and ground-breaking role in the development of urban and local society. Ardabil urban management can also be planned for good urban governance and its urban issues such as pollution reduction, public transportation, etc., in the direction of Ardabil city's good governance strategy to achieve sustainable development.
Methodology: This article attempts to review the concepts and good urban governance, and to examine and analyze its components and indicators for the city of Ardabil. It is done through semi-structured interviews with 22 experts and managers in the Ardabil municipality using random sampling method, and also through a questionnaire of Ardabil citizens using Cochran sampling method with 384 people, and the final extracted indicators were examined in the form of a SWOT model.
Findings and Conclusion: The result of the position of good urban governance in Ardabil city is in the worst possible position, namely defensive (the confrontation of weakness and threat), out of the four states of aggressive, conservative, defensive and competitive. It is also weak in terms of internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and has not shown suitable conditions against external factors (opportunities and threats).

Keywords

Good urban governance

urban manage ment

Ardebil city

SWOT model

Subjects

Sustainable Urban Development

Akhbari, A., Ismail Pourroshen, A. A., Ranjbar, M., Bahek, B. (2019), Explaining the role of hydropolitics on the foreign policy of Afghanistan and Iran (2015-2019); Quarterly Journal of New Perspectives in Human Geography, Year 12, Issue 3, pp. 213-236. [In Persian]. (https://sanad.iau.ir/journal/geography/Article/673777?jid=673777

Akbari, N., Mashhadi, A. (2019), Environmental threats and obligations of the Turkish government in implementing the GAP project regarding adverse environmental impacts in Iran, Journal of International Law, Issue 61, pp. 351-311. [In Persian]. ( https://doi.org/10.22066/cilamag.2019,79111,1434.)

Alinejad, M. (2017), An Elegy for a Dream What were the costs and benefits of the large Turkish dam project, Journal of Water War and International News, 229, available at www.tejaratefarda.com, [In Persian].

Alizadeh, A. (2005), Applied Hydrology, 18th edition, Imam Reza University Press, Mashhad. [In Persian].

Aman, F. (2019), Iran-Afghanistan Water Dispute Escalates; Center for South Asian Studies; Atlantic Council's Future of Iran Plan. [In Persian]. (https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/09/2016/Iran-Afghan-Water-Persian.pdf)

Asghari, K., Yousefi Shatouri, M. (2019), The impact of hydropolitics of the Arvand River on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran; National Conference on Theoretical and Applied Dimensions of Sustainable Development and Security of Border Areas with a Planning Approach; Mashhad. [In Persian] https://civilica.com/doc/1129443

Asgari, S. (2001), The role of Afghanistan in changing the stituation of Helmand from hydropolitics to geopolitics, Quarterly Journal of Political Spatial Planning. [In Persian]. ( https://psp.modares.ac.ir/article-60887.42-en.html)

Atafar, A. Shojaei, M. (2011), The role of water in the strategic position of Iran in the Middle East, Quarterly Journal of Middle East Studies, Year 18; Issue 1, pp. 58-75. [In Persian](https://cmess.sinaweb.net/article_149202.html)

Ayandeban. (2017). [The main issues of year 2017 were identified (Persian)]. Retrieved from http://www.ayandeban.ir/1395/12/.

Bahrami, R., Sepehri, M. F. (1991), Study of the Socio-Economic and Environmental Effects of Drought on Rural Areas of Kurdistan Province, Journal of Rural Development, Year 24, No. 93. [In Persian]. ( https://doi.org/10.30490 /rvt.2021,341691,1194.

Barghi,B,Bazrafshan,J,Shayan,M,(2018). Analysis and Identification of the consequence of drought on the inhibitions of rural areas (case study of Chaga village , Ferydunshahr city), journal of environmental hazards,7(15). [In Persian].

Brown, L. (1995), The State of the World in 1994, translated by Abdolhossein Vahabzadeh, Tehran, Jihad Daneshgahi Publications. [In Persian]

Dalby, S. (2004), Future Environmental Resources and Wars, translated by Faezeh Baheri, Tehran, Monthly Report of Dialogue, Year 3, Issue 10. [In Persian]

Dehshiri, M. R., Hekmat Ara, H. (2018), Iran's Water Diplomacy Towards Neighbors; Quarterly Journal of Strategic and Macro Policies, Volume 6, Issue 4. [In Persian].

Ezzati, E. (2008), Geopolitics, Tehran: Samt. [In Persian](10.32598/JMSP.6.4.596(

Hafeznia, M. R. (1991), Principles and Concepts of Geopolitics, Tehran: Samat Publications. [In Persian].

Hafeznia, , M. R. (1986), Political Geography of Iran, Tehran:Samat Publications. [In Persian].

Hafeznia, M. R. , Nikbakht, M. (1984), Water and Socio-Political Tension: A Case Study of Gonabad, Quarterly Journal of Geographical Research, Year 18; Issue 65, pp. 81-65. [In Persian] (https://www.sid.ir/paper/29881/fa(

Haggett, P. (1997), New Composite Geography, translated by Shapour Goodarzi Nejad, Samt Publishing, Tehran. [In Persian].

Kaviani, M., Mohammadi, M. (2019), The impact of water resource fluctuations on water security (case study: South Khorasan), Journal of Political Geography Research, Volume 5, Issue . [In Persian] ) org/10.22067/pg.v5i4.2012-1001)

Karami, A., Hassanzadeh, J., Pishgahi Fard, Z. (2016), The impact of hydropolitics on Iraq-Turkey relations with emphasis on the Tigris and Euphrates, Quarterly Journal of Islamic World Politics, Year 5, Issue 17, pp. 29-53. [In Persian]) https://psiw.journals.ikiu.ac.ir/article_892.html(

Kamran, H., Yari, E., & Abedi, M. (2017). [Environmental security and national security in the context of cross-border hydropoliticsKarabulut, Bilal,2005, Strateji Jeostrateji Jeopolitik”; Ankara: Platin

Mahkoei, H., Jajarmi, K., Pishgahid Fard, Z. (2014), Environmental threats in the countries of the Persian Gulf geopolitical region with emphasis on the water resources crisis, Regional Planning Quarterly, Year 4, Issue 13, pp. 143-133. [In Persian]. https://journal.iag.ir/article_57064.html

Maleki, B. (2004), Hirmand River and the Challenges Ahead; Political-Economic Information Monthly; Issue 210, pp. 128-140. [In Persian].

Meydani, R., & Tejaratnews. (2016). [Consumption of 88% renewable water reserves / identification of 18 water – challenging points (Persian)]. Retrieved from https://tejaratnews.comMilling ap.p ,2001.water ann politics,rational choise and shout indian canal irrigation. Fvtures,N33.

Mirzaei, M. A. (2007), Hydropolitical challenges of Iran and Iraq with emphasis on Arvand Rood, Political-Economic Quarterly, Issue 264-263. [In Persian] (https://www.magiran.com/p667461)

Mohammadi Khosravi, A., Shahandeh, B., Athari, A., Hermidas Bavand, D. (2014), The political consequences of the Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP) for the Kurds, Iranian Journal of International Politics, Volume 11, Issue 2, pp. 426-455. [In Persian]( https://doi.org/10.22067/irlip.2022.71841.1135)

Mokhtari Hoshi, H. (2012), Hydropolitics of Iran; Geography of the Water Crisis on the Horizon of 1404, Geopolitics Quarterly, Year 9, Issue 3, pp. 83-49. [In Persian]

Mokhtari Hoshi, H., Qaderi Hajat, M. (2008); Hydropolitics of the Middle East on the Horizon of 2025; Case Study: Tigris and Euphrates Basins, Jordan River and Nile River, Geopolitics Quarterly, Year 4, Issue 1. [In Persian].

Nasri Fahr Davood, S., Kaviani Rad, M., Sadraniya, H., Hamid, H. (2001), Challenges of water resources policymaking in Iran and Iraq; Public Policy Quarterly, Volume 7, Issue 4, pp. 255-231. [In Persian] https://www.sid.ir/paper/1050202/fa)

Rai, Subash Prasad; Wolf, Aaron T.; Sharma, Nayan; & Tiwari, Harinarayan. (2017). Hydropolitics in Transboundary Water Conflict and Cooperation. In N. Sharma (ed.), (N. Seyed Akhlaqi, J. (1400); Tracking Desertification Measures in Iran's Development Programs, Tabiat Iran Journal, Volume 5, Issue 3. [In Persian](https://civilica.com/doc/1890500

Sharafuddin, F., Khalid, A. (2006), Israel and Sudan: Ancient Greeds and New Confrontation, Translated by Reza Ameri; Scientific Research and Studies Center Publications. [In Persian].

Shafiee, Masoud, (2002); Water Resources in the World and the Middle East with a Reflection on the Situation of Iran, Peshawar Publications. [In Persian].

Sharma, ed.), River System Analysis and Management (pp. 353-368). Singapore: Springer Singapore

Sheikh Owaissi, M., Taheri, A. R., Reza Mir Lotfi, P. (2023), Political and Security Approaches to the Sistan Drought and Tension with Afghanistan, Quarterly Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, Volume 13, pp. 158-143. [In Persian]( 10.22034/jgeoq.2024.299432.3242)

Seligman, D. (2008). World's major rivers: An introduction water law with case studies. Las Vegas: Colorado River Commission of Nevada. tabyincenter.ir/19723.

Strategic Think Tanks Strategic Monitoring Center, (2021). [In Persian].

Tajrishi, M., & Iranian Students’ News Agency (ISNA). (2018). [The dual function of some MPs has prevented the water crisis from being resolved (Persian)]. Retrieved from https://www.isna.ir/news/97041709640/

Veisi, H. (2003), The impact of growth policies on water tension and national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Human Geography Research, 34. Volume 56, Issue 4, pp. 102-83. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10,22059/jhgr.2024,360636,1008607.

Zarghani, H., Abbaszadeh, M., Mousavi, Mohammad. B., Saadati, Z. (2018), Analysis of the Social and Security Effects and Consequences of Drought with Emphasis on the Eastern Provinces, 10th Congress of the Geopolitical Association and the Second Conference on Geography and Planning of Border Areas of Iran. [In Persian] (https://profdoc.um.ac.ir/paper-abstract-1068217.html)

Zinati, M. M., Askari, M. (2019), Future Studies on the Security Consequences of the Water Resources Crisis in the Border Areas of Iran, Geography and Human Relations, Volume 4, Issue 3. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10,22034/gahr.2021,301648,1602.