1. Introduction
One of the main challenges of urban management is population imbalances and inappropriate population distribution at the level of metropolitan areas. The aim of the present study was to identify the causes and consequences of rural-to-urban migration in Maragheh city from the perspective of rural migrants in this city.
2. Methods and Material
This was done using a descriptive-analytical method and a survey method. The statistical population of the study included all residents of the marginal areas of Maragheh city who had migrated and settled in this neighborhood for at least 4 years, of which 384 migrant residents were determined as the sample size. These samples were selected using a simple random method. To assess the effects of rural-to-urban migration, three important and fundamental parts of repulsion, attraction, and migration outcomes were used.
3. Results and Discussion
. The results of the study show that among the repulsive factors of the economic sustainability of villages, the factor of "the absence of an agricultural Jihad service center in the village along with the limited seasonality of jobs in the village" has the greatest impact. Among the reasons for the social sustainability of the origin, the lack of welfare facilities and the lack of recreational facilities were the most agreed upon among the studied samples.
4. Conclusion
The inappropriateness of the communication routes of the villages and the low possibility of accessing technical and educational facilities in the villages were identified as the most important factors for the physical sustainability of the origin, according to the migrants. The existence of job diversity, the right to choose, and the permanence of work in the city were the main economic attractions of the city for the rural migrants of Maragheh. All the social attractions of the destination are of high importance to them in terms of the research samples, and the factor "those who live in the city are more respected among their families" has the least importance compared to other social attractions. Among the reasons for the physical attractions of the destination, "access to welfare facilities in the city" had the most impact in terms of the research samples. The most important economic consequence of migration was the loss of their land in the village. The most important social consequences of migration from the village to the city, according to the research samples, was the better development of children in the city than in the village. The most important physical consequence of migration from rural to urban areas, according to the research samples, was the possibility of greater use of health and medical facilities in the city.