تحلیل رویکرد انسان محور در طراحی فضاهای عمومی شهری و نقش آن در ارتقای کیفیت زندگی شهروندان (مطالعه موردی: میدان مثلث شهر دزفول)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد طراحی شهری، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول، دزفول، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول ، دزفول، ایران

چکیده
زمینه و هدف: گذار از پارادایم خودرومحور به رویکرد انسان‌محور در طراحی فضاهای عمومی، پیش‌شرطی حیاتی برای ارتقای کیفیت زندگی شهروندان محسوب می‌شود. این این پژوهش با هدف سنجش تأثیر طراحی شهری انسان‌محور بر کیفیت زندگی کاربران میدان مثلث دزفول انجام شده است؛ به‌گونه‌ای که در این مدل، نقش میانجی "رضایت" و اثرات مستقیم "کیفیت ادراکی" و "احساس تعلق" در مدل معادلات ساختاری مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. تا بررسی شود چگونه ویژگی‌های کالبدی فضا، توسط کاربران ادراک شده و به کیفیت زندگی ترجمه می‌شود.
روش شناسی: این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت، توصیفی-پیمایشی با رویکرد همبستگی است. داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه‌ای محقق‌ساخته با حجم نمونه ۳۸۴ نفر از کاربران میدان که به روش تصادفی انتخاب شده بودند، گردآوری شد. این ابزار مؤلفه‌های طراحی انسان‌محور و کیفیت زندگی را در ابعاد کالبدی و ادراکی می‌سنجید. جهت تحلیل روابط ساختاری بین متغیرها، از تکنیک مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری (SEM) و رویکرد حداقل مربعات جزئی (Smart-PLS) استفاده شد.
نتایج و یافته‌ها: یافته‌های توصیفی نشان داد که اگرچه میدان ظرفیت بالایی برای ایجاد حس تعلق (میانگین 54/3) دارد، اما شاخص آسایش محیطی با میانگین 62/2در پایین‌ترین سطح قرار دارد که نشان‌دهنده ضعف امکانات زیرساختی و اقلیمی است. نتایج حاکی از آن است که طراحی شهری انسان‌محور تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر رضایت کاربران دارد و این متغیر نقش میانجی را در ارتقای کیفیت زندگی ایفا می‌کند. همچنین، «احساس تعلق» و «کیفیت ادراکی» تأثیر مستقیم و معناداری بر کیفیت زندگی داشتند. یافته ها نشان می‌دهد که در فضاهای عمومی هویت دار، مانند میدان مثلث، اثر ضعف‌های کالبدی بر کیفیت زندگی و رضایت کاربران می‌تواند با قدرت «حس تعلق» و خاطرات جمعی خنثی شود. بنابراین، پیشنهاد می‌شود مداخلات شهری در این میدان علاوه بر اصلاحات کالبدی، بر بهبود تجربه زیسته و رضایت روانی مخاطبان تمرکز یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of the human-centric approach in urban public space design and its role in improving citizens' quality of life (Case Study: Mosallas Square, Dezful)

نویسندگان English

Fereshteh Tahmasebi 1
Vahid Sarafraz 2
1 Master's student in Urban desaign, Jundishapur Dezful University of Technology, Dezful, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Urban Planning, Jundi shapur Dezful University of Technology
چکیده English

Background and Purpose: Shifting from the car-centric paradigm to a human-centric approach in designing public spaces is a critical prerequisite for enhancing citizens' quality of life. This study aims to assess the impact of human-centric urban design on the quality of life of users at Mosallas Square in Dezful. In this model, the mediating role of "satisfaction" and the direct effects of "perceived quality" and "sense of belonging" were analyzed within the structural equation modeling framework to examine how the physical characteristics of the space are perceived by users and translated into quality of life.
Methodology: Applied in purpose and descriptive-survey in nature, this study adopts a correlational approach. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire from a sample of 384 users selected through random sampling. This instrument measured components of human-centric design and quality of life across physical and perceptual dimensions. To analyze the structural relationships between variables, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method was employed in SmartPLS software.
Results and Findings: Descriptive findings indicate that while the square possesses a high capacity for fostering a sense of belonging (mean = 3.54), the environmental comfort index is at the lowest level (mean = 2.62), reflecting weaknesses in infrastructural and climatic facilities The results demonstrate that human-centric urban design has a positive and significant effect on user satisfaction, and this variable plays a mediating role in enhancing quality of life. Additionally, 'sense of belonging' and 'perceived quality' exert a direct and significant impact on quality of life. The findings suggest that in identity-based public spaces, such as Mosallas Square, the impact of physical weaknesses on quality of life and user satisfaction can be neutralized by the power of 'sense of belonging' and collective memories. Therefore, it is proposed that urban interventions in this square, alongside physical modifications, should focus on improving the lived experience and psychological satisfaction of the users.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Human-centric urban design
Quality of life
PLS-SEM
Sense of belonging
User satisfaction
Urban public spaces
Dezful&rsquo
s Mosallas Square
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