نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشیار گروه شهرسازی دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی دانشگاه هنر تبریز
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله English
The study of contemporary urban development in the last one hundred years includes the study of global and Iranian developments in various areas related to the city. The period of time researched in this section is the Qajar-Pahlavi border area, which is between the years 1286 AH to 1310 AH (1904-1931 AD). The mentioned developments are in the fields of cultural, social, scientific, technical, economic, urban planning in the national, regional, urban, neighborhood, urban space and architectural scales. In the mentioned period, the world arena witnessed important developments, which include: the outbreak of the First World War, the 1917 revolution of the Bolsheviks in the former Soviet Union, the developments related to the industrial revolution and its continuation in the fields of transportation, telecommunications, industry, biology, physics and ... who, despite the economic and political-management stagnation caused by the First World War, had a profound impact on the city and urban planning with numerous inventions and discoveries. Many theories and concepts presented in this period are of special importance, which include: city construction based on artistic principles by Camilo Zite, urban beautification movement, industrial city of Garnier, linear city of Soria, Bagshahr of Howard, traffic proposals of Eugene Henard , the contemporary city and the shining city of Le Corbusier, etc., all of which were more or less effective in the later periods on the city and urban planning in the theoretical and practical fields, especially in European and American cities. Also, extensive housing construction in the cities involved in the First World War, the construction of numerous satellite cities in the former Soviet Union are considered to be among the most important global developments. In Iran, the victory of the constitutional revolution in 1285 AH and the subsequent approval of the municipal law in 1286 AH is the beginning of this border area. Iran's architecture and urban planning during the period of transition from Qajar to Pahlavi was in the context of many global developments and was affected by it. In terms of urban planning, it is significant to be influenced by political, cultural, social and modern technological developments, the approval of urban development laws, the destruction of city ramparts and street constructions, and the emergence of modern transportation infrastructures of that era. In terms of architecture, the construction of modern buildings along with some constructions derived from the art and architecture model of the Qajar period, especially in banks, schools, palaces and medical centers, is significant. These developments have been very prominent in some cities of Iran, such as Tehran, Tabriz, Hamedan and Mashhad, which in the following decades have led to interventions in historical contexts for street construction and the construction of modern buildings.
کلیدواژهها English
