تأثیر فرم‌های هندسی و غیرهندسی بر ادراک بصری و فعالیت‌های کاربران در پارک‌های شهری (مطالعه موردی: شهر تبریز، ایران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله مستخرج از پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، آذربایجان شرقی، 5166614766، تبریز، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده
زمینه و هدف: فضاهای سبز شهری به‌عنوان یکی از مؤلفه‌های مهم ارتقای کیفیت محیط شهری، نقش مؤثری در شکل‌گیری تجربه‌های ادراکی، روان‌شناختی و اجتماعی کاربران دارند. نحوه سازماندهی فرم و ساختار فضایی پارک‌ها، به‌ویژه تفاوت میان فرم‌های هندسی و غیرهندسی، می‌تواند بر نحوه ادراک و الگوهای استفاده شهروندان از این فضاها تأثیرگذار باشد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر فرم‌های هندسی و غیرهندسی بر ادراک بصری و فعالیت‌های کاربران در پارک‌های شهری انجام شد.
روش شناسی: روش پژوهش توصیفی–تحلیلی بوده و داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه تصویری از ۳۸۴ نفر از کاربران فضاهای سبز شهری تبریز گردآوری شد. نمونه پژوهش شامل ۱۸۱ مرد (1/47 درصد) و ۲۰۳ زن (9/52 درصد) بود که بیشترین فراوانی سنی مربوط به گروه ۲۰ تا ۳۰ سال با ۱۶۹ نفر (۴۴ درصد) گزارش شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون t زوجی، ضریب اندازه اثر کوهن و آزمون تحلیل واریانس در نرم‌افزار SPSS انجام گرفت.
یافته‌ها و نتایج: نتایج آزمون t زوجی نشان داد که در هر ۲۰ مؤلفه مورد بررسی، تفاوت ادراک کاربران بین فرم‌های هندسی و غیرهندسی در سطح 001/0 معنادار است. یافته‌ها نشان داد فرم‌های غیرهندسی در مؤلفه‌هایی مانند سلامت روانی (97/0 d=)، انسجام اجتماعی (96/0 d=)، ، جذب گردشگران (02/1 d=)، ، بازیابی روان‌شناختی و کیفیت منظر عملکرد مطلوب‌تری داشتند. در مقابل، فرم‌های هندسی در مؤلفه‌هایی مانند دسترسی ادراک‌شده، دسترسی فیزیکی، فعالیت‌های جسمانی، روشنایی و برخی ویژگی‌های عملکردی برتری نشان دادند. همچنین نتایج اندازه اثر کوهن نشان داد که تفاوت میان دو نوع فرم در تمامی مؤلفه‌ها دارای اثر متوسط تا بسیار بزرگ (47/0|d|≤ ) بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Effects of Geometric and Non-Geometric Forms on Visual Perception and User Activities in Urban Parks: Case of Tabriz City, Iran

نویسندگان English

Maryam Mousapour 1
Ahmad Hami 2
Hamed Aalipour 1
Saadollah Alizadeh Ajirlo 1
Saeid Fathi 1
1 Department of Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran
2 Associated Professor of landscape engineering, Department of Landscape engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده English

Background and Objective: Urban green spaces, as one of the key components contributing to the improvement of urban environmental quality, play an important role in shaping users’ perceptual, psychological, and social experiences. The organization of form and spatial structure in parks, particularly the differences between geometric and non-geometric forms, can significantly influence citizens’ perceptions and patterns of use of these spaces. This study aimed to investigate the effects of geometric and non-geometric forms on users’ visual perception and activities in urban parks.
Methodology: This research employed a descriptive–analytical approach. Data were collected through a visual questionnaire administered to 384 users of urban green spaces in Tabriz, Iran. The research sample consisted of 181 males (47.1%) and 203 females (52.9%), with the highest frequency belonging to the 20–30 age group, comprising 169 participants (44%). Data analysis was conducted using paired t-tests, Cohen’s effect size coefficient, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) in SPSS software.
Results and Findings: The results of the paired t-test indicated that users’ perceptions of geometric and non-geometric forms differed significantly across all 20 investigated components at the significance level of p < 0.001. The findings demonstrated that non-geometric forms performed more effectively in components such as psychological health (d = 0.97), social cohesion (d = 0.96), tourist attraction (d = 1.02), psychological restoration, and landscape quality. In contrast, geometric forms showed greater effectiveness in components including perceived accessibility, physical accessibility, physical activities, lighting, and several functional characteristics. Furthermore, Cohen’s effect size analysis revealed that the differences between the two types of forms had moderate to very large effects across all components (|d| ≥ 0.47).

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Geometric and non-geometric forms
Visual perception
Urban green spaces
User behavior
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