Abstract
Studies show that the role of thermal remote sensing in the study and estimation of land surface temperature is very important. Land surface temperature is a very important indicator in the study of energy balance models at the land surface on a regional and global scale. Given the limitations of meteorological stations, remote sensing can be a suitable alternative for estimating land surface temperature. The main goal of this research is to monitor land surface temperature using satellite images in the years 2003, 2013, and 2023. For this purpose, the relevant images were first obtained and the necessary pre-processing was applied to each. Then, modeling and determination of the radiation and heat balance of the images were carried out. Finally, in order to monitor land surface temperature, a surface temperature map of Aslandoz County was extracted. The results showed that in 2003, the earth's surface temperature increased from 40.10 to 42.49 in 2013, and finally, due to climate change and rapid and severe human intervention in nature, it increased sharply to 49.92 in 2023. The results showed that areas with high vegetation cover and water areas had low temperatures, and areas without vegetation had the highest temperatures each year. This indicates that this human intervention, the destruction of forests and pastures, and the expansion of the city have also increased the concentration of heat compared to 20 years ago. Because vegetation has always been a barrier to heat, has a moderating moisture, and also has an inverse relationship with the temperature of the earth's surface.