تبیین مدل مفهومی ارزیابی مگاپروژه‌های شهری با تأکید بر مؤلفه‌های شهر اسلامی-ایرانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مستخرج از رساله دکتری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، شهرسازی اسلامی، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده
زمینه و هدف: طی دو دهه اخیر، حضور مگاپروژه‌های شهری در شهرهای بزرگ ایران تحولات چشمگیری در ابعاد مختلف زندگی شهروندان ایجاد کرده است. این پروژه‌های عظیم‌مقیاس و تحول‌آفرین، در غیاب چارچوب‌های ارزشی مبتنی بر شهر اسلامی-ایرانی، با چالش‌هایی نظیر تشدید نابرابری‌های فضایی، تضعیف هویت‌های محلی و گسست میان فضا و زیست‌جهان شهروندان مواجه شده‌اند. از این رو، هدف پژوهش حاضر استخراج و تبیین مدل مفهومی ارزیابی مگاپروژه‌های شهری با تأکید بر مؤلفه‌های شهر اسلامی-ایرانی است. روش شناسی: این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی-توسعه‌ای و از نظر ماهیت، آمیخته (کمی-کیفی) از نوع اکتشافی می‌باشد. در فاز اول، با بهره‌گیری از تکنیک دلفی سه‌دوره‌ای و پرسشنامه خبرگان (۲۰ نفر از اساتید و متخصصان حوزه شهرسازی، معماری و مطالعات اسلامی-ایرانی)، پنج مؤلفه اصلی شهر اسلامی-ایرانی (کرامت‌محوری، هویت و تداوم فرهنگی، عدالت فضایی، معنا و نمادپردازی شهری، توازن توسعه‌ای) و چهار مؤلفه ارزیابی مگاپروژه‌ها (فضایی-کالبدی، هویتی-معنایی، عدالت فضایی، نقش بازیگران) استخراج و اعتباریابی شد. در ادامه، با تلفیق دو دسته مؤلفه، مدل مفهومی نهایی در قالب سه معیار فراگیر «عدالت‌آفرینی، هویت‌زایی و انطباق ارزشی» ارائه شد. در فاز دوم، برای ارزیابی اثرات مثبت و منفی مصادیق واقعی، از نظرات مردم و برداشت های نگارندگان استفاده شد. یافته‌ها و نتایج: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که مگاپروژه‌ها در برخی ابعاد موفق و در برخی دیگر نامطلوب عمل کرده‌اند. نتایج مؤید آن است که به کارگیری مدل سه‌گانه عدالت‌آفرینی، هویت‌زایی و انطباق ارزشی می‌تواند ضمن جبران ضعف‌های موجود، زمینه‌ساز طراحی و اجرای مگاپروژه‌هایی شود که ضمن حفظ کرامت انسانی و عدالت فضایی، با هویت و ارزش‌های فرهنگی-دینی جامعه ایرانی هماهنگ باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Definition of the conceptual model for evaluating urban megaprojects by examining the components of the Islamic-Iranian city

نویسندگان English

Maryam Mahfoozian 1
Asghar Molaei 2
1 PhD student, Islamic Urban Planning, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz University of Art, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz University of Arts, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده English

Background and Objective: Over the past two decades, the presence of urban mega-projects in major Iranian cities has brought about significant transformations in various aspects of citizens' lives. In the absence of value frameworks based on the Islamic-Iranian city, these large-scale and transformative projects have faced challenges such as intensified spatial inequalities, the weakening of local identities, and a disconnection between space and the lifeworld of citizens. Therefore, the aim of this study is to extract and explain a conceptual model for evaluating urban mega-projects with an emphasis on the components of the Islamic-Iranian city. Methodology: This research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose and mixed-method (quantitative-qualitative) of an exploratory nature in terms of approach. In the first phase, using a three-round Delphi technique and a expert questionnaire (20 professors and specialists in urban planning, architecture, and Islamic-Iranian studies), five main components of the Islamic-Iranian city (dignity-centeredness, cultural identity and continuity, spatial justice, meaning and urban symbolism, and developmental balance) and four components for evaluating mega-projects (spatial-physical, identity-semantic, spatial justice, and actor roles) were extracted and validated. Subsequently, by integrating the two sets of components, the final conceptual model was presented in the form of three overarching criteria: "justice creation," "identity building," and "value alignment." In the second phase, the opinions of the public and the authors' field observations were used to evaluate the positive and negative effects of real-world examples. Results and Findings: The findings indicate that mega-projects have been successful in some aspects and undesirable in others. The results confirm that applying the triple model of justice creation, identity building, and value alignment can compensate for existing shortcomings and pave the way for the design and implementation of mega-projects that, while preserving human dignity and spatial justice, are aligned with the identity and cultural-religious values of Iranian society.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Islamic city, Iranian&‌‌‌‌‌ndash
Islamic city, Mega-project, Urban Megaproject
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