Journal of Sustainable Urban & Regional Development Studies (JSURDS)

Abstract Extended Abstract Introductio: The distinction between historical district and other urban district due to their valuable and heritage attributes is completely evident. Historical district needs to undergo changes in their infrastructure and physical structure in order to update and align with contemporary developments. It is evident that if these valuable historical districts do not adapt to the needs of modern times, they will face the process of deterioration, affecting both the fabric itself and its residents. In fact, this necessitates the conservation and protection of historical districts. addressing the topic of "urban conservation and protection" globally and in Iran itself is a complex and detailed research endeavor, as the existing experiences in this field testify to the extensive range of topics that can be investigated. The developments of the 2010s can be considered as the first practical steps towards establishing a common ground between sustainability and revitalization. in historical districts, sustainability and preservation have been given attention as drivers for development and revitalization in the planning of historical cities. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to develop a conceptual model for achieving sustainable urban revitalization to be applied in the historical district of Shiraz, by answering the main research question: How can an appropriate model for achieving sustainable urban regeneration be developed based on indicators of sustainability and urban regeneration texts? to address this question, the present paper is divided into two main stages. The first stage involves examining the content of sustainability in the historical district, while the second stage focuses on intervention procedures in the historical district to study the process of achieving classified sustainable regeneration. Methods and Material: The research methodology employed in this paper is based on the content of the research question and the achievement of the research objective, which is the realization of sustainable urban  regeneration in the historical district of Shiraz. The approach used is qualitative content analysis and is of an inductive nature. Influential processes related to the concepts of sustainability and regeneration were examined through documentary study, referring to information contained in books, articles, and credible documents, in a structured manner to gather relevant information. The application of a descriptive-analytical method in this qualitative study, based on the practical objective and the collection of data related to the approach of sustainable urban regeneration, seems justified. The main purpose of this research is the growth and improvement of the old district of Shiraz through the realization of sustainable urban regeneration in its historical area, and the outcome of this study is based on a strategic planning process and the analysis of a conceptual model for the realization of sustainable urban regeneration, which can lead to the revival of the historical district of Shiraz. Results and Discussion: The protection and development of historical districts, particularly in a sustainable manner, are an integral part of contemporary life and future generations. Hence, if the city of Shiraz develops a conceptual model or intervention approach for itself in relation to sustainable regeneration, the destiny of the historical area will become clearer. A conceptual model that effectively assesses and evaluates the relationship between sustainability, regeneration, and the district will be essential. Conclusion: in this article, a theoretical framework based on concepts and approaches related to "sustainable regeneration" has been presented, and these concepts have been utilized to propose a conceptual model for achieving sustainable urban regeneration in the historical district of Shiraz. To determine the applicability of this approach in assessing the sustainability of historical district in each urban area, it has been recognized that each study site requires a unique set of indicators based on geographical, economic, social, legal, and environmental structural differences.

Abstract Background and Aim: In recent decades, demographic, social and economic changes, especially in rural areas, have increased the need for an efficient and sustainable look at housing issues and the development of rural settlements. Knowing the principles of optimal location in this field is a vital matter that has a direct impact on the quality of life of the villagers and also the sustainable development of these areas. Methods:  With the aim of identifying strategies and prioritizing the optimal location of rural settlements, this research examines the challenges and opportunities of this field. The current research is applied in terms of its purpose and is considered among field studies, and in order to prioritize the "hierarchical analysis" method as an available method, it is used for decision-making authorities in the field of defense-security strategy, so that these authorities use this method for prioritizing and determining use the defense-security strategy. Findings and Conclusion: The results of the examination of these criteria and sub-criteria based on the hierarchical analysis process model show the relative advantage of place number one compared to place number two. Place number one has more stability in terms of nature and natural hazards than proposed place number two, although place number two also has relative stability. The proposed place number one has a score of 0.523 and the proposed place number two has a score of 0.481. It should be mentioned that due to the small area of the proposed place number one, the expert group of the proposed place number two should also be considered for the future development of the village. In this way, the suggestion is that while confirming the priority of the number one place as the direction of village development in the future, the proposed place (development number two) is also approved from a natural-economic-social point of view, and the residents of the village, especially the slum areas, have moved there. be.

Abstract Background and Aim:  Kerman is the most earthquake-prone province in the country due to active faults and earthquakes with high human casualties. Of the total area of worn-out tissue in Kerman province, which is about 4062 hectares, of which 1589 hectares are located in the city of Kerman.  The aim of the study is to identify and level the vulnerability of the city's tissues. The issue of the city of Kerman is that there are many vulnerable areas, and identifying vulnerable surfaces and reducing the vulnerability coefficient can help effectively manage the crisis. Methods:  The research method is descriptive-Analytical, the research data is prepared by documentation and field methods and references to organizations. The types of users were examined at the Kerman city level and the ratio of each was obtained.  Some of the human indicators affecting structural resistance in Kerman were examined and described, and the number and percentage of types of structures in Kerman were obtained using GIS software, maps, resources, information and navigation methods, which were given in the relevant table Findings and Conclusion: Results show that in total, 83% of the structures in Kerman have a vulnerability of more than 50%, and 4% of the structures in Kerman have sufficient resistance to a relatively strong possible earthquake. And with the research done, about 53% of the population of Kerman lives in areas with a risk of more than 50%. And finally, factors such as the strength, resistance and formability of the constructive elements were regular, structural hardness and durability, and the presence of continuous load transmission routes were examined to increase structural resistance to earthquakes.

Abstract Background and Aim: Urban heat islands (UHIs) are a growing concern in metropolitan areas, leading to temperature differences between urban centers and surrounding areas due to various ecological, morphological, topographical, and demographic factors. Major Iranian cities have undergone rapid land-use transformations and expanding urbanization, facing the challenge of UHIs.
Methods:  This study investigates UHIs in Tabriz, focusing on District 1, Neighborhood 1 as the first area and District 6, Neighborhood 4 as the second area. The study employed Landsat 8 remote sensing images to analyze UHIs in Tabriz, Iran. The images were acquired for the summer season, representing the period of maximum UHI intensity. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated to assess vegetation cover, while land surface temperature (LST) was derived using the single-channel algorithm. Morphological indicators were extracted from OpenStreetMap data.
Findings and Conclusion: The study aims to extract, locate, and analyze UHIs in the study area using specific formulas and prepare relevant maps, focusing on ecological and morphological indicators. The minimum and maximum temperatures in District 1 were 15.88°C and 37.65°C, respectively, while in District 6, they were 24.11°C and 40.87°C. Analyzing the extracted maps based on the selected ecological indicators (vegetation cover, wind, solar radiation, and elevation) and morphological indicators (building height, building density, building façade, and building roofs) in both districts, we concluded that District 1 is cooler due to several factors: higher elevation, better reception of prevailing northeastern winds, more suitable street orientations, lower building heights (mostly one-story), and a higher prevalence of reflective roofs compared to District 6. Although District 6 has better vegetation cover and lower building density.

Abstract Background and Aim: Due to the growth of population and urbanization, the strategy of high-rise building has become popular nowadays. With the increasing use of high-rise buildings nowadays due to problems such as lack of housing, the optimal use of these buildings can be a solution to meet the social, economic and other needs of today's societies. On the other hand, social changes in both macro (neighborhood) and micro (house) scales show a decrease in the feeling of satisfaction in the apartment house. Methods:  The purpose of the current research is to review the comparative patterns of high-rise construction and villa houses and a case study of Amirkabir and Mohajeran settlement in Arak city. Findings and Conclusion: Examining various studies shows that the choice of each of the models of residential structures has advantages and disadvantages. Residential towers with security and comfort, public spaces and access, management and control, most importantly, proximity to important uses and access to public transportation, are considered among the important and lively residential spaces of the city, and unlike traditional housing, they can have a wide range To attract social groups including children, adults and the elderly. Meanwhile, the apartment house has reduced satisfaction due to the loss of the quality of the semi-public arena. Therefore, presenting creative patterns and designs and checking the status of various indicators at the medium and small scale can be a suitable solution in comparative analysis.

Abstract Background and Aim: The importance of effectively managing free time to balance work and daily life cannot be overstated. Effectively managing leisure time is not only crucial for maintaining personal and social identity but also plays a vital role in ensuring a high quality of life. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, managing leisure time has become even more critical, and it presents a major challenge for families and urban planners alike. With the pandemic's widespread impact on daily life, including social distancing measures and lockdowns, leisure time patterns have undergone significant changes in recent times. To gain a more accurate understanding of leisure time patterns during and after the pandemic, a study was conducted in Tabriz city. The study aimed to identify and evaluate the various leisure time activities that people engaged in during the pandemic period. The study also sought to determine the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on people's leisure time choices.
Methods:  The research methodology was practical and descriptive-analytical, allowing for effective participation of the target population. Key data was collected through a web-based questionnaire, and analyzed with high accuracy using statistical software such as SPSS and Excel.
Findings and Conclusion: The findings indicate that during the pandemic, there was a decrease in the tendency to engage in leisure activities indoors, and an increase in the use of electronic tools, and desire to participate in physical activities in open spaces. Additionally, gender surveys revealed that women tend to spend more leisure time outside the home than men, and education level did not significantly impact leisure patterns. Therefore, it is important to consider both structural and individual factors when determining how to manage leisure time and to develop social, political, and cultural programs that promote activities that benefit physical and mental health.

Abstract Background and Aim:This research has been done with the aim of identifying indicators of human resource management based on cooperation to achieve organizational goals in the field of health.
The research method:The research was carried out meta-combination by examining 142 sources, during the meta-combination process, 27 articles were selected in Irandoc, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Springer, IEEE and ACM databases and search engines between the years (2000-2022). First, a code was considered for all the factors extracted from previous studies and then they were categorized in a concept. Two coders were used to control the extracted codes and concepts, and the intended index in this context was the Holstein index.
Results: Based on the analysis done with the help of the content analysis method, there are a total of 5 main categories and 19 subcategories including; The field of collaborative (recruitment based on Collaborative, Collaboration-based organizational culture, Collaboration-based training, Evaluation with a collaborative approach, Collaborative-Based career design, conflict of interest and Collaborative-Based communication), Incentive for Collaboration (perception of justice, Establishing trust for Collaboration, Reward based on Collaboration, Motivation to participate and providing resources for Collaboration), facilitator of Collaboration (Collaborative-Based leadership, Support for Collaborative activities and having emotional intelligence), achievements of Collaboration (Consequence of Collaboration) and Partnership or joint Collaboration (Collaboration-Based team-building, common goal and Collaborative planning) for the indicators of human resource management of cooperation-oriented identification became.
achievements of Collaboration (Consequence of Collaboration) and Partnership or joint Collaboration (Collaboration-Based team-building, common goal and Collaborative planning) for the indicators of human resource management of cooperation-oriented identification became.

Abstract Extended Abstract Introductio: Presence in social environments and participation of citizens in cities is one of the main factors of achieving social growth in cities and ultimately achieving sustainable urban development. Today, policy makers and city managers consider attracting the maximum participation of people as one of the strategies of good urban management. Despite all the efforts made in Iran, until now the process of participation as a public culture has not had a proper place in the thoughts and actions of citizens. Considering the importance and role of participation in urban development in this research with the aim of investigating the relationship between the two mentioned indicators, in order to explain and evaluate the two indicators of participation and urban development from the perspective of citizens in Baneh city and to investigate the relationship between participation and physical, socio-cultural development And it has been economical. Descriptive-analytical research method using field observation tool and citizens' opinion questionnaire has been collected and researched in spss software environment with various descriptive and inferential tests including Pearson's correlation test. Inaccurate results have shown that citizens' assessment of the two indicators of participation and urban development is not at an acceptable level. Also, the correlation results of the two mentioned indicators showed that there is a significant relationship at the 95% level between the two indicators of public participation and urban development in all sub-indices related to development in Baneh city. 2.Methods and Material: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of type. The statistical population of the research includes the residents of Baneh city with a population of about 120 thousand people, and by entering this number in the Cochran formula, 384 people were selected as the sample size and the questionnaire was distributed among them. In order to measure the validity of the questionnaire, from the interview and asking the opinions of supervisors, advisors and experts on the plans of the study area and similar to the subject under study and applying their possible amendments were used. Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire. The value of Cronbach's alpha was 0.741 and it can be concluded that the research questionnaire has good reliability. To analyze the data, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used in SPSS software.         Volume 5, Issue 1 - Serial Number 15, Spring 2024                                       Online ISSN: 2783-0764 Journal Hompage https://www.srds.ir/ DOR.20.1001.1.27830764.1403.5.1.8.0   Results and Discussion: The number of respondents is male (50.8) and female (48.2) and there are 0 (0) unanswered. Therefore, the number of male respondents is more than female respondents. The average of 33.47 indicates that the respondents are middle-aged. The youngest respondent was 18 and the oldest respondent was 80 years old. In order to investigate the state of public participation at the level of the citizens of Baneh city, in this part of the research, by examining previous research and the opinions of experts and Dear professors, 16 items were designed as suitable items to evaluate the people's participation in Baneh city in the form of a questionnaire and provided to the sample size of the research. be And it does not have an acceptable status. In order to investigate urban development and its different dimensions, three main dimensions of urban development including physical, socio-cultural and economic dimensions have been investigated. In order to examine each of the development indicators in more detail, items for the aforementioned indicators were observed according to the review of previous sources and the opinions of experts that the evaluation of the citizens of the level of development in the investigated indicators is not at an acceptable level. Be The average satisfaction and evaluation of the residents of Baneh city on various indicators of urban development is at a very low level. So that the average physical development index is 1.6, the average socio-cultural development index is 1.9, and the average economic development index is 1.4, which is lower than the average level of citizen satisfaction. The results of the Pearson correlation test show that there is a significant correlation between the two research indicators and it can be said that the relationship between public participation and urban development in different physical, socio-cultural and economic dimensions is significant at the 95% level. Conclusion: With the aim of investigating the state of public participation at the level of the citizens of Baneh city, after reviewing previous research and the opinions of respected experts and professors, 16 items were selected as suitable items to evaluate public participation in Baneh city in the form of a questionnaire designed and available in the volume The research sample was selected, and the results showed that the state of public participation is moderate to low in terms of citizens. And it does not have an acceptable status. Also, in order to investigate the various dimensions of urban development in Baneh, the main indicators of urban development including three physical, socio-cultural and economic indicators and 16 related sub-indices have been provided in the form of a questionnaire to the sample size of research at the level of the citizens of Baneh city. The results of citizens' assessment of the level of development in each of the development indicators are presented in the following tables. As can be seen in the results, the citizens' assessment of the level of development in the investigated indicators is not at an acceptable level. Pearson's correlation test has been used in order to investigate the relationship of the participation index and its effects in the urban development of Baneh. The results of the Pearson correlation test show that there is a significant correlation between the two research indicators and it can be said that the relationship between public participation and urban development in different physical, socio-cultural and economic dimensions is significant at the 95% level.    

Abstract Background and Purpose
In recent centuries, the rapid growth of urbanization in developing countries, along with an objective approach to development, has added to the objective and mental disorders of third world cities. The present study aims at the comparative analysis of quality of life indicators based on urban social justice, a case study of the neighborhoods of Zeitoun Karmanani and Koi Yousefi (Fatimieh) city of Ahvaz has been completed.
Research Methodology
According to the nature of the subject and the goals for which this research is planned, this research is descriptive-analytical and belongs to the category of applied research. The statistical population is 49719 people living in Zaytoun neighborhoods, Karmaniyu Koi, Fatemiyah in 2015. Random sampling so that the sample size is taken from both neighborhoods. In order to select the sample size, Cochran's formula was used, according to which the sample size was 380 people. T-test and Pearson correlation were used for analysis.
Discussion and results
The findings show that in Koi Fatemiye neighborhood, the average physical-physical index is 2.63 and for Zaytun Karmanani is 3.78. In the economic dimension, the average of Koi Fatemiyeh neighborhood is 3.68 and Zaytun Karmanani is 3.79.
Conclusion
The results indicate that the main attention in the way of distributing the development resources, and considering the justice in the benefit, and the lack of attention and investment in a specific place, which shows that all These indicators, if properly paid attention to, can be effective in the process of sustainable development of the studied neighborhoods and the overall development of the city's sustainability

Abstract Background and Aim: By providing the necessary facilities and services in various economic, social, cultural, etc. sectors in small cities, these types of cities can develop their rural sphere of influence by stabilizing the rural population and attracting the surplus labor force of the villages. spatialize the population and services in the urban hierarchy system at the national and regional levels. This research was carried out with the aim of evaluating the role of the formation of small towns in the sustainable development of surrounding rural areas (case study of Shavor city). Methods: According to the nature of the subject and the goals that are foreseen for it, it is descriptive-analytical and among applied researches. Statistical society, the population of Shahrshavor is 8833 people (Census 1395), the sample size is 368 people based on Cochran's formula. To analyze the data, spss software, T-test and Friedman's test were used.The findings show that the average economic index is (3.70), environmental physical index (3.77) and socio-cultural index (3.79). Also, based on the rating of the Friedman test, the status of access to medical and health services with an average of 3.89, access to educational centers with the average of 3.88 and the state of access to public libraries with an average of 3.85 were ranked first to third. Findings and Conclusion The result is that the economic, physical, environmental, socio-cultural process has various components and criteria, and reaching the most favorable state requires the alignment and integration of all components and sustainability criteria.Master's degree in rural geography, rural development management.