Journal of Sustainable Urban & Regional Development Studies (JSURDS)

Abstract Introduction: Multidimensional urban quality of Life encompasses horizontal dimensions (objective and subjective dimensions) and vertical dimensions (themes), which include relevant aspects of the living conditions that should be objectively and subjectively assessed. They took into consideration the objective, mental and vertical and horizontal dimensions of the quality of life category, which makes the officials would be able to not only provide their satisfactory at the highest level, but also step positively forward to determining reasons of citizens’ dissatisfactory and establish infrastructures that citizens are interested to, through tracking changes of all aspects of quality of life and choosing proper development of the city.
Methods and Material: The following study seek to survey the condition of quality of life of Birjand city that is recently assigned as the center of South Khorasan, applying descriptive – analytic method. Therefore, a sample of 271 households are selected from different restricts of the city and data are collected through field survey and using questionnaire. Finally, the collected data has been analyzed by statistics methods and related software applications.
Results and Discussion: The results suggest that the condition of quality of life quality mainly was lower than moderate level, from subjective and objective aspects throughout the whole city. Nevertheless, northern districts suffer much worse and improper condition rather than southern districts; and it is essentially needed that officials, not only implement to improve quality of life within the city, but also take a deeper care to northern districts which are taken more prioritization.
Conclusion:This study tried to contribute to our understanding of the disparities in urban QOL, and provide a scientific basis for urban policies that achieve diversity and inclusiveness.

Abstract Background and Aim: Nowadays, with demographic changes, the increase in the number of elderly people and the spread of dementia, it is necessary to create urban environments that meet the needs of these people. This highlights the need to elucidate a comprehensive conceptual framework of urban design principles specifically to address the complex challenges faced by people with dementia. Evidence and studies indicate that urban design has an effect on reducing the symptoms of dementia in urban residents. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between urban environment design and dementia and develop a conceptual framework focused on the principles of urban design to prevent the exacerbation of dementia symptoms through urban design.
Methods: The current research is a quantitative and qualitative review of existing studies in the field of "Principles of urban design related to people with dementia". The method of collecting information in this research is library studies and data analysis is content analysis. Hence, published articles on the principles of urban design for people with dementia have been done. In this regard, the data of this research was collected through document study of authentic texts in the field of urban design, environmental psychology, psychology and psychiatry. Databases were selected for searching and extracting PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Sage, Science Direct and Taylor & Francis articles.
Findings and Conclusion: The findings of the research include the components of the built environment and the principles of urban design related to the disease of dementia, which have been raised in different dimensions of physical, social, environmental, etc. At the end, the qualities mentioned in the studies with their frequency were calculated and the corresponding table and graph were drawn. Also, in order to identify the components of urban design to meet the environmental needs of people with dementia, the proposed research framework was presented. This conceptual framework serves as a guiding resource for urban planners, architects and policy makers seeking to create dementia-inclusive cities. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that urban design has principles and components that affect the improvement of cognitive impairment in people with dementia, which is one of the main achievements of this research.

Abstract  
Background and Aim: Today, tourism is one of the main sources of income in many countries. Tourism development, in addition to paying attention to the infrastructure of the industry, requires comprehensive planning of understandable encouragement factors by tourists. Biophilic urban planning, which has been implemented in the 1990s, is a comprehensive approach to many factors of practical solutions. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to model the planning and biofilic approach to tourism in Mahabad.
Methodology:  The present study was conducted in a descriptive-analytical method with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the biofilic tourism. Research data was collected in a library as well as in the field through the questionnaire. Coronbach's alpha coefficient has been used using content validity and also has an acceptable coefficient of 0.77.
Findings and Conclusion:  The results of the study indicate that both the research hypotheses were confirmed and the Biofilic Indicators in Mahabad have been affected by emotional image, perceptual image, oral advertising, and intention to visit tourists, and the most influential of the mouth -to -mouth advertising factor The least impact was related to the intention to visit tourists. Also, according to the research experts, the first biophyllic city index needed for the study area is to increase parks in the urban hierarchy.

Abstract Background and Aim:  Urban land use patterns undergo fundamental changes over time, and in creating these changes,the role of humans and their activities is the most important. Therefore,modeling and predicting land use changes in the future,considering their changes in the past,will greatly help city managers and planners in making better decisions to guide the future development of the city.In line with the mentioned cases,the purpose of the present research will help to reveal the changes and modeling the development of Kerman city. To achieve this goal, the images of TM, ETM+ and OLI sensors of Landsat satellite were used for the years 2010 to 2020,respectively,in order to prepare land use maps of the studied area. In addition, the parameters used in this research included distance from highways and roads,distance from higher education centers and distance from military centers.In the pre-processing stage, after applying geometric, radiometric and atmospheric corrections,image highlighting operations are performed and using the supervised classification method with the maximum likelihood algorithm,in three classes of built land, barren land and vegetation of land use maps.were prepared In the second stage, the changes made in terms of area, trend and spatial distribution were investigated and analyzed. In the next stage, based on these changes and three independent variables, the modeling of the potential of multi-layered use conversion was done. This method can be used to predict future changes.
Methodology:The research method is descriptive-Analytical, the research data is prepared by documentation and field methods and references to organizations. The types of users were examined at the Kerman city level and the ratio of each was obtained. 
Findings and Conclusion: The forecast results of 1405 show the fact that if the current trend of changes continues until 1405,the area will increase by 1357 hectares compared to the current situation, and the area of ​​barren land and vegetation will decrease by 1077 and 472 hectares. The results of this study can help urban planners and managers to better understand the current conditions and make appropriate decisions in the future for proper land cover management.

Abstract Background and Aim:  The historical area of cities is a valuable heritage that plays a special role in identifying urban life over time. Therefore, in the meantime, the historical knowledge of the constituent elements of cities their role in sustainability in the dynamism sustainability of cities is very decisive. Meanwhile, the market has long been one of the social important neighborhoods both economically and culturally, politically, socially urban.
Methodology:In this article, by recognizing the market category its role in the development of the city, especially Islamic cities, to identify the factors affecting the old market in order to analyze the face performance of the market using qualitative analysis method based on documentary study MAXQDA software.
Findings and Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in previous studies, there are 9 main components including 91 different sub-components.These are: market characteristics, market architecture shape, urban landscape, the effects of the market being Islamic, Islamic market characteristics, market changes evolution, market location, market elements, market functions.
The results showed that market functions include economic, political, religious, cultural, social, recreational communication functions. To perform these functions, market elements include various economic components of the market (shop, main  sub-order, sera (khan), household There were Qaisaria, Chaharsoo, Maidan, Jalukhan  Khojreh), mosque, shrine, school, water storage, Saqakhaneh, caravanserai bath.

Abstract Background and Objective: The identity-building components of architecture play a crucial role in strengthening cultural and religious identity, as well as fostering convergence and cohesion among different ethnicities and religions. The city of Urmia, with its rich history and cultural and religious diversity, is a prominent example of this convergence. Recognizing and enhancing these components can help preserve and promote cultural and religious identity while strengthening social cohesion. This research continues previous studies aimed at identifying the identity-building components of architecture with an emphasis on the convergence of ethnicities and religions in the neighborhoods leading to Imam Street (the old and historic fabric of Urmia). The study aims to identify the identity-building components that influence architecture and define the specific characteristics of the architecture in that region.
Methodology: The current research is developmental in terms of its objective and applied in nature, as it seeks to recognize the identity-building components of architecture with an emphasis on the convergence of ethnicities and religions. Given the nature of the research topic, the research method of this dissertation is considered a mixed quantitative-qualitative study. However, the core of the research relies on a descriptive-analytical method. In the descriptive-analytical section, field surveys, data collection through observation, interviews, photography, etc., are conducted.
Findings and Conclusion: The results from examining the central neighborhoods leading to Imam Street in Urmia show that the identity-building components of architecture significantly enhance and reflect the cultural and religious identity of the city. The architectural diversity in these neighborhoods represents extensive cultural and religious interactions that have contributed to the peaceful coexistence of different ethnicities and religions. This study indicates that architecture can act as a powerful tool for fostering convergence and social cohesion, and attention to these components can help preserve and promote cultural and religious identity while enhancing social cohesion.

Abstract Background and Aim: In the last few decades, one of the policies that has been taken into consideration by the statesmen as a tool for empowering the villagers is microcredits. These credits, if properly invested, can guarantee sustainable rural development. In recent years, Barkat Foundation has started its activity towards the removal of deprivation and economic-social empowerment of deprived areas of the country by granting micro credit. Therefore, this research was conducted in order to model the effects of Barkat Foundation's microcredits on the social-economic development of the rural areas of Khuzestan province.
Methods:  This research is theoretical-applicative in nature and its study method is descriptive-analytical. The method of collecting information is survey-library. The statistical population of the research includes people living in the villages of Izeh, Masjid Suleiman, Lali, Endika and Dezpart cities who have used the microcredits of the Barkat Foundation, and according to their number, the sample size was estimated to be 340 people. Paired t-test, stepwise regression and simple t-test were used to analyze the data. The research results showed that there is a significant difference between before and after receiving the facility.
Findings and Conclusion: The results of multivariable regression also showed that Barkat Foundation's actions created 86% positive changes in rural areas. The index of managerial ability with beta value of 0.430, economic welfare with 0.316 and business development with beta of 0.276 have received the most influence from microcredits. Finally, the results of the simple t-test show that microcredits have had the greatest impact on agricultural and animal husbandry occupations, technical occupations, and farming, respectively.
 
 
 

Abstract Background and Aim: Urbanization is a socio-spatial process that is directly related to the expansion of urban areas and the growth of urban population. Developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom have already completed their urbanization processes. The urban spatial structure has a significant effect on the sustainable development of cities. One of the important stages of urban spatial structure analysis is the identification of urban centers.
Methods:  This research is of applied type and was done in Tabriz city in 1402. The data collection method is library and document. The investigated indicators included educational centers, banks, health centers, offices, sports venues, commercial centers, green spaces, tourist places, religious places, military places and parking lots in Tabriz city. After preparing the urban blocks and the desired data, the prepared information was added to all the urban blocks of Tabriz in ArcGIS software. Then, based on expert opinions, the appropriate range of distances from the desired facilities was determined using a 5-point Likert scale. In this research, the network analysis method was used to identify the central cores of the city.
Findings and Conclusion: According to the results of network analysis, the city had two big central cores in the city center and 2 sub-cores around the city. The final result was that the city of Tabriz was forming the next nuclei and becoming a multi-nuclear city.
 

Abstract Abstract
Introduction and statement of the problem: The use of neural intelligence in predicting the variables of water resources, including underground water, is widely increasing. Purpose: This research through artificial intelligence and FNN-LM model pursues several goals, which include determining the parameters affecting the fluctuations of the underground water level in the Khuzestan plain, as well as investigating the spatial and temporal effects of the water level parameters through 10-year time data and Then, the modeling of groundwater level fluctuations in selected piezometers in the plain is studied. Method: The use of artificial intelligence and the FNN-LM model method, and at the end, by changing the percentage of the last month of the input data in the model, hypothetical conditions were created and according to the obtained neural network models, the fluctuations of the underground water level were predicted. In this hypothetical situation, it was discussed. Findings: The effect of the discharge parameter from the wells is far more than the effect of the rainfall parameter, so that the prediction of drought and drought conditions is only due to the change of the rainfall. Conclusion: By using the created neural network models for each observation well and using the most accepted method of geostatistical models, an appropriate spatial and temporal prediction of the groundwater level was made. The best modeling of water level fluctuations with the FNN-LM model was achieved by choosing appropriate parameters and with the most acceptable time delay.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, underground water level, FNN-LM model, Khuzestan plain.

Abstract  
Background and Aim: More than half of the world lives in urban areas. In many developing countries, many people migrate to urban centers every day, and the rate of urbanization is increasing in both developed and developing countries. But the urban population imposes huge challenges on natural resources and causes social and environmental problems in urban areas. Therefore, increasing the rate of urbanization is associated with many challenges. In Iran, the rate of urbanization has almost doubled over the past 30 years. Unstable urban income, urban poverty, marginalization and inappropriate urban housing are considered as major challenges of urban development in Iran. Determining urban boundaries is one of the solutions used in policies known as curbing the growth of cities or managing urban growth.
Methods: The current review research was conducted with the aim of investigating the importance of urban boundaries in controlling and guiding urban development and the role of urban boundaries in controlling and guiding the development of Arak city. The city of Arak is the capital of the central province, which is surrounded by mountains on three sides and desert on the other side, and is not capable of development in many ways. Therefore, the population density has increased in the central and inner parts of the city. The value of land development index for Arak city is high and the level of morphological adaptation is lower. Findings and Conclusion: The findings show that if special construction criteria are applied to very large areas, a large population can be accommodated in the worn-out fabric. Such a process also causes the development of the city in a systematic pattern. It is necessary that the municipality does not ignore the creation of public spaces and uses, and by creating public spaces in the neighborhoods, it creates participation among the residents. Reforms such as the demolition of old buildings and the establishment of high-rise structures require careful monitoring so that the tissue density does not exceed the permissible limit.